Glasses Technology

Glasses Patent Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention is related to Faraday rotation glasses and is more particularly concerned with a new Faraday rotation glass which exhibits a high Verdet constant and low susceptibility toward devitrification. (more…)

Glasses Patent Claim

We claim:

1. A Faraday rotation glass exhibiting a high Verdet constant and low susceptibility toward devitrification consisting essentially of the following constituents as expressed in weight percent:

where the alkaline earth oxide is selected from the group consisting of CaO, BaO, ZnO, and combinations thereof, the rare earth oxide is selected from the group consisting of Tb.sub.4 O.sub.7, and the combination of Tb.sub.4 O.sub.7 and La.sub.2 O.sub.3, the Tb.sub.4 O.sub.7 being present in an amount of 20-45 weight percent, and the alkali metal oxide being selected from the group consisting of Na.sub.2 O, K.sub.2 O, and combinations thereof. (more…)

United States Patent 3,935,020
Deeg , et al. January 27, 1976

Glasses Patent Abstract
Faraday rotation glasses exhibiting a high Verdet constant and a low susceptability toward devitrification are formed by introducing a high quantity of rare earth oxides into a borate glass base. The glasses can be melted under standard environmental conditions and may be made on a large scale.

In order to study Ne diffusion into glasses, we measured noble gas concentrations in obsidian samples which were degassed in a vacuum at 800°C and subsequently heated in air at various temperatures and heating times. Neon was concentrated in samples which were kept at room temperature, indicating that Ne is easily diffused into obsidians from the atmosphere even at room temperature. We also measured noble gas concentrations in five size-separated fractions of the obsidian (ME1) (>250, 149-250, 74-149, 46-74 and <46 ?m fractions) and in three size-separated fractions of tektite (TE6) (>250 and 149-250 ?m fractions and powdered fraction) to examine the degassing effect on noble gases by crushing. (more…)

Structural and quantitative effects of different electron scavenger concentrations on the free radical formation in the nucleotide thymidine-5′-monophosphate (TMP) and in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) after X-irradiation in frozen aqueous solution and glasses (BeF2/H2O for TMP and LiCl/H2O for DNA) at 77 K are investigated. At the highest concentration used (100 mmol dmm3) about 80% (TMP) and 70% (DNA) of the radicals are scavenged compared with the control in both matrices. In TMP, allyl radicals form the major population of radicals left unscavenged at 77 K. These are shown to transform into a quintet pattern upon annealing (S 220 K). Analysis of various substrates for quintet formation shows that a sugar-group and a C4-carbonyl group are necessary structural prerequisites. (more…)

Glasse Parent Description

Glasses of the BaO — Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 — GeO.sub.2, SrO — Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 — GeO.sub.2 and PbO — Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 — GeO.sub.2 system in selected proportions have been found to have desirable properties from the standpoint of transparency and stability and are useful for a wide variety of purposes. Of particular interest is the finding that these glasses can be heat treated to produce transparent glass-ceramics having an index of refraction higher than that of the glass and which specifically may be in excess of 2.000. The glass-ceramics which are capable of being formed from glasses within the above-described glass system have high dielectric constants; e.g. in excess of 50 and low dissipation factors; e.g. about 3.5% or less. Both transparent and non-transparent or opaque glass-ceramics may be obtained in accordance with this invention possessing the aforementioned desirable properties. (more…)

The mobility of an organic volatile probe (1-n-propanol), incorporated in two types of amorphous carbohydrate glasses, was evaluated by measuring probe retention as a function of time. Retention was found to depend on temperature, moisture content and the degree of matrix collapse. In sucrose glasses, crystallization and probe release occur simultaneously and both crystallization and release depend on the temperature above Tg, as predicted by the William-Landel-Ferry (WLF) equation. (more…)

Nineteen current makes of sports glasses and six older types of sunglasses were tested for spectral UV transmission. Transmissions in the UVB range (280–320 nm) were less than 10^-4; all glasses therefore offered 100% protection against keratitis. (more…)

Glasse Parent Case Text

REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of copending application Ser. No. 349,152 filed Apr. 9, 1973 now abandoned; which in turn is a division of copending application Ser. No. 241,448 filed Apr. 5, 1972 now U.S. Pat. No. 3,852,077, the entire disclosures of both copending applications are relied on herein. (more…)

We present the experimental results on the effects of hydrogen doping on the superconducting and paramagnetic properties of zirconium-rich (x > 0.66) Zrx3d1-x metallic glasses. Zr0.70Cu0.30, Zr0.67Ni0.33 and Zr0.67Co0.33 are superconductors with a superconducting transition temperature in the vicinity of 2 K, while Zr0.68Fe0.32 is a paramagnet down to very low temperatures because of pronounced spin-fluctuations. (more…)